Does AI scooping force researchers to hide work in progress?
Hoel argues that AI's ability to rapidly complete half-formed ideas has destroyed the old incentive to share work-in-progress publicly, potentially driving intellectual culture underground. The question examines whether this competitive dynamic is real and widespread.
Erik Hoel argues that AI has turned intellectual culture into what he calls a "dark forest," a state in which anyone who shares an idea or an unfinished piece of work risks having it absorbed and completed by someone else's AI before they can finish it themselves. His test case is the Navier-Stokes Millennium Problem: NYU mathematician Tristan Buckmaster and an Anthropic researcher spent a year advancing a line of attack originated by Diego Córdoba and Luis Martínez-Zoroa, using AI "as tools" rather than autonomously. Buckmaster says OpenAI's team "rushed to scoop them," forcing an early, partly unfinished release, and that OpenAI's earlier claim that "very little human input" went into its own competing result "turned out not to be true" once an entire human team was revealed. Buckmaster also asked OpenAI directly whether its models had been trained on, or had access to, the pair's draft chats in Codex, and reports getting no clear answer on the training question.
Hoel's mechanism is competitive and economic, not technical: because AI can now take a half-formed public idea and push it most of the way to completion, the normal incentive to share work-in-progress — presenting at a conference, posting a draft online, floating an idea on social media — now exposes it to being finished by someone else first. He generalizes past math to "all subjects," arguing the old walls of ordinary human effort, which made scooping require matching that effort, have fallen, so "now all thinking must be in stealth." He borrows "wallfacer," from Liu Cixin's The Three-Body Problem, for the posture this forces: work alone, leak nothing, and only ever surface the finished result.
This sits alongside Did GPT-5 really solve previously unsolved math problems?: both are cases where a company's claim of a largely autonomous AI math result did not survive scrutiny of the human effort behind it, feeding exactly the credit anxiety Hoel describes. It also cuts against the open culture that Why did Erdős problems become a popular AI testing ground? describes, where Bloom's public problem list let strangers collaborate — the kind of commons Hoel says the dark forest dynamic destroys. Hoel's citation of Tao's worry that AI proofs may be "odorless," lacking the insight a human proof would carry, extends rather than restates Can opaque machine learning models help prove new mathematics?, which addresses validation of a tool's output rather than the loss of a shared, legible proving culture. And where Does AI help individual scientists while narrowing scientific focus? measures a narrowing of topic coverage in published science, Hoel's claim is the softer, harder-to-measure version of the same contraction: work that would once have been shared mid-process now simply isn't shared at all.
The excerpt is a single essay built on one disputed case plus Hoel's own extrapolation from it; it does not measure how many researchers or creators have actually gone silent, and it does not establish that AI-driven scooping, rather than ordinary competitive pressure, caused Buckmaster's team to rush its release. Buckmaster's own question about whether OpenAI trained on or accessed the pair's chats is reported as unanswered, not confirmed. If Hoel's extrapolation holds even partly, the implication is that venues built for sharing unfinished work — conference talks, open problem lists, draft posts — lose their function as AI capability rises, without any formal retraction of openness as a norm.
Inquiring lines that read this note 4
This note is a source for these research framings, grouped by the broader line of inquiry each explores. Scan the bold lines of inquiry; follow any specific question forward.
How should human-AI contributions be measured, disclosed, and verified? Does AI-assisted research sacrifice exploration breadth for productivity gains? Can AI systems perform peer review as effectively as humans?Related concepts in this collection 6
This note in its neighbourhood — explore the map, then jump to a related concept in the list below.
Click a node to walk · click center to open · click Open in graph to see this note in the full knowledge graph
-
Did GPT-5 really solve previously unsolved math problems?
OpenAI claimed GPT-5 solved hard Erdős problems open for decades. But what did the model actually do, and how was the claim verified or challenged by domain experts?
same pattern of a company's "autonomous AI" math claim unraveling once the hidden human effort behind it surfaces
-
Why did Erdős problems become a popular AI testing ground?
Explores what makes Erdős problems attractive for evaluating large language models, including their mathematical domains, difficulty range, and the collaborative infrastructure that enables testing.
describes the open, collaborative problem-sharing culture Hoel says the dark forest dynamic is destroying
-
Can opaque machine learning models help prove new mathematics?
Tao explores whether ML tools' opacity disqualifies them from research mathematics, and under what conditions their suggestions might be trustworthy enough to guide rigorous proofs.
same Tao, cited here for a related but distinct worry that AI proofs are insight-"odorless"
-
Does AI help individual scientists while narrowing scientific focus?
An analysis of 41 million papers explores whether AI adoption simultaneously boosts individual researcher productivity and citations while constraining the breadth of topics science collectively investigates.
measures a topic-coverage contraction that parallels Hoel's harder-to-measure claim about shared work-in-progress disappearing
-
Can we trace AI contributions to scientific breakthroughs?
When AI systems help produce major research results, how can we identify what training data or prior work actually contributed? The Buckmaster-OpenAI dispute shows current systems have no way to track this.
Extends: Nature's call for opt-in data sharing and attribution audits proposes a remedy to the scooping dynamic Hoel describes
-
How much human input did OpenAI's Navier-Stokes proof actually require?
OpenAI claimed its model produced a Navier-Stokes proof with minimal human help, but Buckmaster's account suggests the actual process involved substantial team effort, testing, and prompting. Did the public framing match what actually happened?
Evidence for: Buckmaster's firsthand account of the disputed claim substantiates the contested Navier-Stokes race Hoel cites as his case
Related papers in this collection 8
Papers most semantically related to this note, ranked by cosine similarity in the embedding space.
- The Emerging AI Paper-Review Arms Race: Adversarial Co-Evolution in Scholarly Publishing
- AI scientists are changing research — institutions, funders and publishers must respond
- Artificial Intelligence Tools Expand Scientists' Impact but Contract Science's Focus (Just accepted by Nature, to be online soon)
- AI companies must work with the research community to protect attribution
- AI for Auto-Research: Roadmap & User Guide
- AI for Science 2026: The State of AI Use among Researchers
- Microsoft New Future of Work Report 2025
- Evaluating Sakana's AI Scientist: Bold Claims, Mixed Results, and a Promising Future?
Original note title
Hoel argues AI-enabled scooping turns culture into a dark forest where thinkers must hide work-in-progress to avoid being overtaken