Visa Introduces Trusted Agent Protocol: An Ecosystem-Led Framework for AI Commerce
Source: Visa; Visa press release · 2025-10-14
SAN FRANCISCO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Oct. 14, 2025-- Visa Inc. (NYSE: V) today unveiled Trusted Agent Protocol, establishing a foundational framework for agentic commerce that enables secure communication between AI agents and merchants during every step of a transaction. Trusted Agent Protocol aims to address the unique challenges facing agent-driven commerce, ushering in a new era where AI can search, compare and pay on behalf of consumers, while ensuring trust between merchants and AI agents. With the release of this protocol – developed in collaboration with Cloudflare – Visa reinforces its commitment to supporting safer and more seamless interactions in the evolving ecosystem of intelligent payments. Trusted Agent Protocol is available today in the Visa Developer Center and GitHub.
Over the past year, AI-driven traffic to retail websites in the United States surged over 4,700%, and 85% of shoppers who have used AI to shop say it improved their shopping experience. But as more AI agents browse and buy on behalf of consumers, merchants face new challenges:
Trusted Agent Protocol intends to address these challenges by enabling approved agents to securely pass critical information to merchants. This provides a much-needed framework for recognizing trusted agents with commerce intent and distinguishes them from malicious automation and rogue bots. In developing this protocol, we have received insightful feedback from other early partners including Adyen, Ant International, Checkout.com, Coinbase, CyberSource, Elavon, Fiserv, Microsoft, Nuvei, Shopify, Stripe and Worldpay.
“We believe the entire payments ecosystem has a responsibility to ensure sellers can trust AI agents as much as they trust their best customers and networks,” said Jack Forestell, Chief Product & Strategy Officer, Visa. “For the past year, we’ve worked closely with sellers, issuers and partners to make sure agent-initiated transactions are as seamless and secure as any payment today. Our new agent protocol is focused on creating no-code functionality for merchants to securely identify agents with an intent to buy and provide a better payments and personalized experience for its known users.”
“Securing the future of commerce is a shared responsibility, especially as AI agents begin to act on behalf of consumers,” said Stephanie Cohen, Chief Strategy Officer, Cloudflare. “Our work with Visa on the Trusted Agent Protocol is a vital step in building the necessary guardrails for this new ecosystem.”
In an agentic world, merchants need a way to recognize trusted agents, verify their credentials, and maintain customer relationships without overhauling their systems.
Trusted Agent Protocol addresses these challenges with new specifications that use agent-specific cryptographic signatures and includes the following information:
Agent Intent – An indication that the agent is a trusted agent with an intent to retrieve additional details about, or purchase, a specific product from a merchant.
Consumer Recognition – Data elements that indicate whether a consumer has an existing account or has previously interacted with the merchant.
Payment Information – Agents have the option to carry payment data to support a merchant’s preferred checkout or payment method.
While these initial specifications apply to the Visa network in this phase, enabling agents to safely and securely act on a consumer’s behalf requires an open, ecosystem-wide approach. We are committed to aligning closely with global standards bodies like IETF, OpenID Foundation and EMVCo. We are working closely with our ecosystem partners to ensure that Trusted Agent Protocol will complement other recently announced protocols like the Agentic Commerce Protocol, and are collaborating with Coinbase to align on interoperability with x402.
Built upon the foundational HTTP Message Signature standard, and aligned with Web Both Auth, Trusted Agent Protocol enables merchants and agents to establish trust using existing web infrastructure – with minimal user experience (UX) changes required on merchant websites or checkout pages – and extendable to non-web message protocols.
Lines of inquiry this paper opens 24
Research framings built by reading the notes related to this paper — the questions it feeds into.
How should agent identity and authorization work across organizational boundaries?- Does Personal Agent Protocol solve the identity and authorization gap for shopping agents?
- What identity and authorization standard would satisfy both consumer and merchant requirements?
- Can authenticated delegation tokens prevent merchants from absorbing agent payment liability?
- Should payments infrastructure adopt agent-specific protocols or reuse existing identity standards?
- How does Visa's protocol differ from OAuth-based delegation approaches?
- How can identity standards from OAuth and OIDC apply to agents?
- How do authorization boundaries protect users from unintended agent purchases?
- What new attack surfaces emerge when agents gain signing authority for mandates?
- What cryptographic or audit systems could enforce clear delegation models?
- Are merchants actually adopting these protocols as an integrated stack?
- Can a single protocol work across multiple AI agents and payment providers?
- Should merchants adopt new protocols or reuse existing standards instead?
- How does agentic commerce on crypto differ from consumer-authorized AI purchases?
- What payment methods does AP2 support beyond traditional cards?
- Why do consumers trust Visa more than AI agents with payments?
- What trust gap does Visa aim to address with this protocol?
- How should payment systems authenticate that an agent has buyer authority?
- What fraud losses result when behavioral biometrics disappear in agent transactions?
- How do card controls like single-use limits address agent payment risk?
- Do existing fraud detection models work for agent payment behavior?
- How does merchant-of-record status persist through API-based agent integrations?
- How might card networks recognize agent-operator liability to shift risk away from merchants?
- Who bears liability when merchants use Stripe risk scores but process payments elsewhere?
- Who bears liability when an autonomous agent makes an unintended purchase?